Latex article



y 31, 1938- A. N. SPANEL 2,119,497 LATEX ARTICLE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 27, 1936 ATTORNEY.

May 31, 1938. A. N. SPANEL 2,119,497

LATEX ARTICLE Filed Feb. 2'7, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1N VENTOR.

%is ATTORNEY.

May 31, 1938. A. N. SPANEL 2,119,497

LATEX ARTICLE Filed Feb. 27, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Zw ATTORNEY May 31 1938. a A. N. SPANEL 2,119,497

LATEX ARTICLE Filed Feb. 27, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ZZ$ATTQRNEY.

A. N. SPANEL LATEX ARTICLE May 31, 1938;

Filed Feb; 27, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I N VENT OR.

4219 ATTORNEY.

Patented May 31, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 Claims.

This invention relates to deposited latex articles.

In the manufacturing of deposited latex articles, it is essential that the margins thereof be reinforced without having the reinforcement bulky or unsightly.

In accordance with the main feature of the present invention, a novel double reinforcement is provided for the margin of the article.

Another feature of the invention relates to a hollow rubber article in which the curved side edges of the article are reinforced by integral ridges of latex.

Still another feature of the invention relates to the provision of a novel type of margin for the waist opening and the like in a latex garment. 4

An additional feature of the invention relates to a hollow latex article having openings therein defined by reinforced margins with reentrant or concave outlines extending into the body of the article thereby giving the wearer maximum protection with a. minimum amount of latex material.

The other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the detailed description and claims when taken with the drawings in which Fig. 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 is an edge view of a pair of pants made in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 3 is an enlarged section thereof taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2 illustrating the character of reinforcement at the margin of the material at the leg opening and the reinforcement at the edge of the garment adja-' cent thereto; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2 disclosing the a character of reinforcement in the margin of the pants adjacent the waist opening as well as the reinforcement at the margin of the garment at the ventilating opening therein; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1 further illustrating the character of reinforcement of the pantsat the ventilating opening and at the margin of a leg opening therein; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged cross 15 sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. l particularly showing the offset relation of the front and rear margins of the pants at the waist opening therein and the reinforcements of these margins, as Well as illustrating the character of 50 the reinforcement in the pants adjacent the leg opening therein; Fig. '7 is a front view and Fig. 8 is an edge view of a somewhat modified type of pants wherein further reinforcements are provided in the margin of the material at the waist opening and in addition the side and bottom edges of the pants are further reinforced; Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of these pants taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8 illustrating particularly the reinforcement of the material at the leg openings in the pants and further disclosing the character 5 of the reinforcement at the curved edges of the pants; Fig. 10 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line I0i ll of Fig. 7 showing the additional reinforcement of the margin of the pants at the waist opening and also indicating the char- 10 acter of reinforcement at the margin of the ventilating opening therein; Fig. 11 is a front view and Fig. 12 is an edge view of a form on which the pants of Fig. 1 can be deposited; Fig. 13 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line 15 l3-I3 of Fig. 12 also showing a layer of latex on the form as deposited during the making of the pants; Fig. 14 is an enlarged cross sectional View taken substantially on the line l4l4 of Fig. 12 also showing thereon a layer of latex in 20 the position in which it is deposited on the form; Fig. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view taken substantially on the line l5-l5 of Fig. 11 particularly illustrating the offset relation of certain of the edges of the form at the waist opening, which form has a layer of deposited latex thereon; Fig. 16 is an enlarged fragmentary crosss sectional view taken substantially on the line iG-IG of Fig. 11 with a layer of latex thereon illustrating how the reinforcement of the leg opening and the reinforcement for the ventilating opening is developed in the deposited layer; Fig. 17 is a front view and Fig. 18 is an edge view of a form on which the pants of Fig. 7 can be deposited; Fig. 19 is an enlarged sectional view 35 taken on the line i9-i9 of Fig. 18 with a layer of latex thereon to illustrate how the material at each margin of the leg opening and at the curved edge of the pants are reinforced; Fig. 20

is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the 40 line 20--20 of Fig. 17 with a layer of latex thereon disclosing how the reinforcement for the margin of the pants at the ventilating opening and the margin of the pants at the waist opening therein, is developed; Fig. 21 illustrates a front elevation of a form with a bathing cap deposited thereon, a portion of said'cap being broken away to disclose the form, showing how the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of bathing caps; Fig. 22 is a section through the cap only, taken on the line 2222 of Fig. 21; Fig. 23

is a front view of a latex glove made in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 24 is an enlarged cross sectional view of said glove taken substantially on the line 24-24 of Fig. 23; Fig.

25 is a fragmentary view of the cuff portion of a modified type of glove; Fig. 26 is an enlarged cross sectional view thereof taken on the line 26- 26 of Fig. 25 illustrating the character of reinforcement for the margin and for the edge of the cuff at the opening in the glove; Fig. 27 is a front elevation and Fig. 28 is an edge elevation of a form on which the glove of Figs. 23 and 24 can be deposited; Fig. 29 is an enlarged cross sectional view of this form taken on the line 29-29 of Fig. 27; Fig. 30 is a fragmentary front view of a form on which the glove of Figs. 25 and 26 can be deposited; and Fig. 31 is an enlarged cross sectional view thereof taken on the line 3l-3I of Fig. 30.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the numeral 5 designates a pair of pants made from an aqueous dispersion of rubber 'commonlyknown as latex. These pants have a front portion 6 and a rear portion 1 integrally connected by the side edges 8 and 9 and by a bottom edge l0. These pants are provided with a waist opening i l and leg openings I2 (Fig. 3), and in addition, are provided with ventilating openings 13 in the side edges'of the pants. It should be noted that the free edges of the pants at the waist opening are offset as indicated at H and IS, the edge M .at the rear of the pants and at the hip portion l6 thereof projecting beyond the front edge [5 of the pants. By this arrangement sufficient material is provided to give the additional area needed to cover the buttocks of the wearer. This marginal edge of the pants with the exception of the portions l6 thereof, is reinforced by a ridge I! (Fig. 6).

the side edges thereof.

The portion IS in Fig. 4 of this marginal edge has a cross section of a thickness substantially equal to that of the body of the pants or less, depending on the spacing between the abrupt edge and its adjacent ridge as will appearfrom the description'of the form on which these pants are made. The marginal edge of the pants at the opening i3 is reinforced by a generally triangular ridge l8 which terminates in a thin edge (see Figs. 4 and 5).. The marginal edge of the pants at each of the leg openings l2 therein, is reinforced by'a ridge IS on the inner surface of the pants while the edge 20 of the pants at each leg opening can be developed by tearing or cutting (see Figs. 3 and 5). The side edges of the pants adjacent the waist opening are reinforced by ridges 2| of latex integral with the material of the pants. Similarly, the side edge and the-bottom edge of the pants adjacent each leg opening are also reinforced by ridges 22 of latex integral with the body of the garment.

The modified pants 5 disclosed in Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive are made of latex by deposition. This garment differs from that already described in that the ventilating openings 25 which are rounded or generallyoval in-shape, are provided in the front portion or the pants instead of in Also the leg openings l2 in these pants are of concaved outline and extend into the body of the pants. While the marginal edge at the rear and side edges of the pants at the waist opening, is reinforced by the ridge l1 already described, the marginal edge at the front margin of the waist opening in the I pants, is' of substantially the same thickness as that of the remainder of the article (Fig. 10) or less, depending on the proximity of the front 'edge of the garment to the adjacent ridge. The

margin of the pants at the waist opening is further reinforced by ridges 26 of latex integral with the latex of the garment. These ridges with the also encircle the garment.

exception of the uppermost one thereof, completely encircle the pants at the waist opening, although if desired, the uppermost ridge could The marginal edge of each ventilating opening 25 is reinforced by 5 a generally triangular ridge 2'! (Fig. 10) which terminates in a thin edge 28 and the marginal reinforcement 29 of the pants at each leg opening is also generally triangular in cross section and terminates in a torn or cut edge 30 (Fig. 9) 10 Furthermore,-the side edges 8 and 9 and the bottom edge In of the pants are reinforced by spaced ribs 3! integral with the latex of the pants and preferably provided on the inside surface thereof. curved edges of the pants. The pants of Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive can be made by depositing an aqueous dispersion of rubber on the form 35 illustrated in Figs. 11 to 16 inclusive. This form, which has the general out- 20 line of the pants to be deposited thereon, is provided with raised bosses 36 defined by a groove 31 at the junction between the boss and the body of the form. Each boss preferably terminates in an abrupt edge 38. form there is provided a boss 39 of general elliptical outline which boss terminates in an abrupt edge 40 to define a ventilating opening in the deposited garment. The lower part of the form,

which generates the waist opening in the deposited 30 pants, terminates in an abrupt edge, the'rear portion Ma of this edge extending beyond the front portion Mb thereof. It will be noted that the portion Ma of this edge extends not only in the rear of the form but also around the side 5 edges thereof as indicated at Me.

It has been discovered that when latex is deposited on a curved surface of relatively small radius, the deposited latex layer tends to be thinner than. a corresponding layer deposited 40 on a fiat surface of the form. For this reason it has been necessary in the past to make the forms relatively thick so that there would not ,be an objectionable difference in thickness between the portion of the garment on'the curved 45 edge of the .form and that on the flat surface thereof. Obviously, a given number of such thick forms displace a correspondingly larger amount of the latex bath than an equal number of thin forms thereby requiring a larger quantity of the latex and a larger receptacle to hold it. Also such thick forms are awkward to handle because of their greater bulk. In accordance with I the present invention it is proposed toprovide sets of grooves 42 on the curved edge of the form adjacent each'of the bosses 36 so that reinforcing ridges 22 are deposited in the latex layer, as indicated in Fig. l3, to reinforce the side edge of the garment where there is a tendency for weakness to develop therein. Similarly, the 60 curved edge of the form adjacent the portion thereof which develops the waist opening, is provided with sets of grooves 43 in which the reinforcing ribs 2l can be deposited.

In making a pair' of pants on this form, latex is deposited thereon while the form is supported vertically with its edge lla, Mb and 4| c in the lowermost position. While the latex may be deposited on the form in various ways, it is preferred to dip the same into a bath of an 'aqueous dispersion of rubber. The form may be preferably dipped several times with a drying or settinginterval between each dip. When a layer of latex of the desired thickness has been deposited on the form, this layer is permitted u These ribsextend around the 5 On each side edge of the 5 characters.

weakness.

and 48. At the junction of the boss 36a with to "set. It will be appreciated that during the dipping operations, the latex will accumulate in the groove 31 adjacent the boss 36, while at the abrupt edge 38 of this boss, a line of weakness will develop in thisv layer. Similarly, the latex will accumulate in the grooves 42 and, 43. Also at the junction between the boss 39 and the body of the form, the latex will accumulate as'indicated at l8 in Fig. 16, while at the abrupt edge 40 of the boss the layer will develop a line of I Above the portions Ma and Mt) of the abrupt edge of the form, the latex will accumulate as a ridge I1 (Fig. 15). It should be noted that at the portion Me of the abrupt edge, the latex layer will have a thickness approximately equal to that of the body of the pants or less, as indicated at 23 in the lower part of Fig. 14. If the spacing between the lowermost groove 43 and the portion Me of the abrupt edge is relatively narrow, then the margin below groove 43 will be equal to or less in thickness than the main layer of the garment. However, if the above mentioned spacing is relatively wide, a reinforcing ridge similar to I! will be developed. This is due to the fact that the latex accumulates in the grooves 43 which prevent a build-up or increased thickness of this portion of the edge. However, at the abrupt edge itself the line of weakness'will develop therein. When the deposited layer is properly set, the excess portions thereof on the face of the bosses 36 are stripped away as far as the abrupt edge 38 leaving a thin edge. Similarly, on the faces of the bosses 39 the excess portion of the layer is torn away as far as the abrupt edges 40. Likewise, on the lower end of the form the excess portion of the layer is torn away as far as the abrupt edge having the portions 4| a, 4|b and Mo. After the pants are vulcanized they are removed from the form and prepared for sale in the usual manner.

The pants of Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive can be preferably made on the modified form 35 illustrated in Figs. 17 to 20 inclusive. The parts of this form, which are identical with that just described are designated by the same reference This form differs from that already dscribed in that the bosses 36a which define the leg openings, are generally elliptical and project from the body of the form to an abrupt edge 38a. The ventilating bosses on the side edge of the form have been omitted and instead rounded or oval shaped bosses 45 are provided on the front surface of the form. Each of these bosses which project from the form, terminates in an abrupt edge. Also instead of providing the short grooves 43 adjacent the abrupt lower edge of the form, there are provided a series of parallel grooves 41 which, with the exception of the lowermost groove, encircle the form in substantially parallel relation to the abrupt lower edge thereof having the portions Ma, 4") and Me. The curved edge of the form between bosses which define the leg openings, is provided with a series of transverse grooves 48 which are preferably uniformly spaced from each other. Likewise, each edge of the form between the leg defining bosses and .the abrupt lower edge are similarly provided with transverse grooves 46 which are also preferably spaced an equal distance from'each other. The method of making a garment on this form is similar to that already described and need not be repeated except to state that the latex accumulates as ridges 3| and 26 in the grooves 46, 41

an abrupt edge 64.

the body of form (Fig. 19), the latex will accumulate as a generally triangular reinforcement 29 with a thin boundary at the abrupt edge 38a. Similarly at the junction of each boss 45 with the form, the latex will also accumulate as a triangular reinforcement 21 (Fig. 20) with a thin boundary at the abrupt edge of the boss. When the layer has suitably dried orset on the form the excess portions of the layer (not shown) on the faces of the bosses 36a, and 45 as well as on the lower end of the form are stripped away as previously set forth.

This invention is also applicable to the making of latex bathing caps, such a cap 5|! being illustrated in Fig. 21 where it is shown in the position in which it is deposited on the form 5|. This cap is provided 'with a reinforcing rib 52 adjacent its edge 53 at the opening therein. It should be noted that a portion of the cap below the rib 52 tapers t?) edge 53,

This cap is also made by depositing a layer of an aqueous dispersion of rubber on the form 5| which has the general outline of the desired cap. This form terminates in an abrupt edge 55 at the bottom of the form which develops a line of weakness in the deposited latex layer on the form so that the excess portion of layer can be stripped or torn away at this end. Adjacent this abrupt edge there is provided a groove 56 encircling the form.

The present invention is also applicable to the making of latex gloves such as 60 illustrated in Figs. 23 and Y24. This glove is provided with a reinforcing rib 6| encircling the margin of the cuff.

This glove can preferably be made by depositing the latex on a form 63 illustrated in Figs. 27, 28 and 29. This form which has the general shape of a hand, terminates at its lower end in Adjacent this abrupt edge there is provided a groove 65 cut into and encircling the form.

The glove is made by depositing latex on' the form while it is supported in a vertical position with its abrupt edge in the lower position.

In the course of depositing the latex on this form, v

a layer of latex develops .uniformly over the surface of the form but accumulates in the groove 65 as a reinforcing rib 6|. However, a line of weakness develops in the layer at the abrupt edge 64 of the form. When the layer has set, the excess portion thereof on the lower end of the form is stripped away as far as this line. The glove, when vulcanized, may be removed from the form.

In Figs. 25 and 26, there is illustrated a fragment of a modified type of glove ID in which the margin of the cuff is reinforced, not only by a rib H, but also by a ridge 12 which terminates that the reinforcement 12 can be developed.

The present disclosure is given merely by way of examplg and it will be understood that there can be maiy modifications and variations therein within the scope of the appended claimswith article, the free edge of said margin terminat ing in said surface of the article, the portion of the margin between the free edge thereof and the rib region of the margin being joined to said rib region in a substantial manner.

2. A seamless deposited latex article, a margin of said article having an integral rib of latex on one surface thereof adjacent to but spaced from the edge of said margin, the remainder of the?" margin to the free edge thereof being wedgeshaped and terminating in the said surface of said edge, the portion of the marginbetween the free edge thereof and the rib region of the margin being joined to said rib region in a substantial manner v 3. A seamless deposited latex article, a margin of said article having an integral rib of latex on one surface thereof adjacent to but spaced from the edge of said margin, the remainder of the margin to the free edge thereof being substantially semi-pear shaped and terminating in the said surface at said edge, the portion of the margin between the free edge thereof and the rib region of the margin being joined to said rib region in a substantial manner.

4. A seamless deposited latex articlecomprising a body having front and rear portions joined by edge portions, said body having an opening therein, the edge of the body defining said opening being reinforced by an integral accumulation of latex, and an integral rib of latex on each of said edge portions adjacent said accumula- I tion, said ribs extending generally across said edge portions only. 7

5. A pair of seamless deposited latex pants comprising a body having front and rear portions joined by edge portions, said body having a waistopening and leg openings therein, and sets of segments of integral ribs of latex on said edge portions, said ribs extending transversely of said edge portions.

6. A pair of seamless deposited latex pants comprising a body having front and rear portions joined by edge portions, said body having a waist opening and leg openings therein, and integral transverse ridges of latex on said edge portionsonly, localized adjacent the waist opening.

7. A pair of seamless deposited latex pants comprising a body having front and rear portions joined by edge portions, said body having a waist opening and legopenings therein, and integral transverse ridges of latex on said edge portions only, localized adjacent said waist opening and said leg openings.

ABRAHAM n. sPANrm. 

